1. PEriTiA: Policy, Expertise and Trust
Project Website: https://peritia-trust.eu/
Project Description in CORDIS: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/870883
Start Date: February 1, 2020
End Date: January 31, 2023
Project Leader and Coordinator:
Professor Maria Baghramian
School of Philosophy
University College Dublin
Ireland
Email: maria.baghramian@ucd.ie
Advisory Board: https://peritia-trust.eu/advisory-board/
Work Package Leaders: https://peritia-trust.eu/work-package-leaders/
Project Contact Email: peritia@allea.org
Project Media Contact: Susana Irles, irles@allea.org
Project Twitter Handle: @PERITIAnews
Project Facebook Page: PeritiaNews
About
PERITIA – Policy, Expertise and Trust – is an international research project exploring the conditions under which people trust expertise used for shaping public policy.
Trust is the glue that binds our social interactions. Trust in the provenance and justification of policy measures are essential for their implementation. Socio-technological transformations and the rise of populist politics with its anti-elitist mantra have put public trust in expert opinion and their areas of expertise to the test.
In PERITIA, philosophers, social and natural scientists, policy experts, ethicists, psychologists, media specialists and civil society organisations will come together to investigate the nature and conditions of public trust. The project will review the role of science in policy decision-making and the conditions under which people should trust and rely on expert opinion that shapes public opinion.
The key hypothesis explored conceptually and tested empirically is that affective and normative factors play a central role in decisions to trust, even in cases where judgements of trustworthiness may seem to be grounded in epistemic considerations, such as professional reputation, reliability and objectivity.
The project will use climate change and climate science as a test case. Ultimately, it seeks to design and provide practical tools and indicators which can be applied to measure and establish the trustworthiness of the agents and institutions involved in social and political decision making.
Objectives
Many policy decisions in contemporary knowledge-based forms of governance are driven by advice, evidence and data provided by experts from diverse arenas. In democratic societies, trust in the provenance and justification of policy measures are essential for their implementation. The rise of populist politics with its anti-elitist mantra has brought the trustworthiness of experts and their areas of expertise into question. PEriTiA brings together philosophers, social and natural scientists, policy experts, ethicists, psychologists, media specialists and civil society organisations to conduct a comprehensive multi-disciplinary investigation of trust in and the trustworthiness of policy related expert opinion. The investigation is carried out in three - theoretical, empirical and ameliorative – phases with the goal of illuminating a topic that has been the subject of much political commentary and media debate in recent years. The key hypothesis explored conceptually and tested empirically is that affective and normative factors play a central role in decisions to trust, even in cases where judgements of trustworthiness may seem to be grounded in epistemic considerations, such as professional reputation, reliability and objectivity. The most ambitious feature of the current project is the application of its theoretical and empirical findings to active attempts at establishing trust, where warranted, between the general public and actors with a central role in the decision-making processes of governance. Our ultimate aim is to provide tools and discover indicators which can be used in measuring and establishing the trustworthiness of the agents involved in social and political decision making. The use of climate change and climate science as a test case in exploring the social, ethical and psychological indicators of trustworthiness is expected to help to construct trust-enhancing narratives regarding the role of science in governance.
Project Design
The investigation is carried out in three – theoretical, empirical and ameliorative – phases with the goal of illuminating a topic that has been the subject of much political commentary and media debate in recent years.
Phase 1 - Theoretical
• Trust and the Conditions for Successful Policy Advice Mechanisms
• Trust in a Changing Media Landscape
• The Ethics of Trust
• Scientific Reputation and Trust
• The Psychology of Trust
Phase 2 - Empirical
• Data Collection through Surveys and Analysis of Existing Data on Trust: Ireland, UK, Norway, Germany, Poland, Italy, France
• Experimental Measures of Trust
• Behavioural Determinants of Trust and Distrust
Phase 3 - Recommendations and outreach
• Behavioural Tools for Building Trust
• Citizen Fora
• Essay Competition “European Youth on Trust”
• Policy Recommendations and Dialogue with Policy Makers
Work Packages
WP1: Project Coordination
WP2: Interaction and Public Engagement
Work Package 2 aims to assure high quality, coherent and effective communication of the project’s ongoing work and outputs.
WP3: Trust and Advice Mechanism
WP3 investigates and compares the existing systems through which experts assume an advisory role in policy-making decisions in four European countries.
WP4: Trust in a Changing Media Landscape
WP4 focuses on the role of digital media in establishing, enhancing or diminishing the levels of trust in experts and the role it has with policy decisions.
WP5: Social Indicators of Trust
WP5 investigates the role of social indicators of experts’ trustworthiness.
WP6: Psychology of Trust
WP6 focuses on the psychological mechanisms of trust and trustworthiness, particularly in the context of trust in scientific expertise.
WP7: Ethics of Trust
WP7 will investigate the ethical requirements of trustworthy expertise as well as the role of ethical considerations in placing trust in policies based on expert advice.
WP8: Data Collection and Analysis of Existing Data
WP9: Experimental Measures of Trust/Distrust
WP9 investigates methodological challenges in studying trusting behaviour and the social factors underlying them. It uses lab based behavioural studies to investigate the determinants of judgements of trust and trustworthiness by members of the public and to test the findings of phase 1.
WP10: Behavioural Tools for Building Trust
WP10 investigates the emotional and cognitive components of trusting behaviour. As in WP 9, it uses lab based behavioural studies to investigate the determinants of judgements of trust and trustworthiness by members of the public and to test the findings of phase 1.
WP11: Citizens’ Fora
WP 11 runs Citizen’s Fora to create opportunities for encounters between representative groups from the general public and experts, policy-makers and journalists specialising in the area of climate change.
Project Outputs
Team Research Output: https://peritia-trust.eu/peritiaresearch/
Team Publications: https://peritia-trust.eu/team-publications/
Media Coverage: https://peritia-trust.eu/media-coverage/
Multimedia: https://peritia-trust.eu/multimedia/
First Newsletter
https://mailchi.mp/718476539138/peritia-newsletter?e=fb9206fbee
Related Projects
https://peritia-trust.eu/related-projects/
Project Description in CORDIS: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/870572
Start Date: February 1, 2020
End Date: January 31, 2024
Coordinator:
Prof. Dr. Christian Lahusen,
Department of Social Sciences
University of Siegen, Germany
Email: lahusen@soziologie.uni-siegen.de
Advisory Board: https://entrust-project.eu/people/advisory-board/
Project Contact Email: entrust@uni-siegen.de
• Trust in a Changing Media Landscape
• The Ethics of Trust
• Scientific Reputation and Trust
• The Psychology of Trust
Phase 2 - Empirical
• Data Collection through Surveys and Analysis of Existing Data on Trust: Ireland, UK, Norway, Germany, Poland, Italy, France
• Experimental Measures of Trust
• Behavioural Determinants of Trust and Distrust
Phase 3 - Recommendations and outreach
• Behavioural Tools for Building Trust
• Citizen Fora
• Essay Competition “European Youth on Trust”
• Policy Recommendations and Dialogue with Policy Makers
Work Packages
WP1: Project Coordination
WP2: Interaction and Public Engagement
Work Package 2 aims to assure high quality, coherent and effective communication of the project’s ongoing work and outputs.
WP3: Trust and Advice Mechanism
WP3 investigates and compares the existing systems through which experts assume an advisory role in policy-making decisions in four European countries.
WP4: Trust in a Changing Media Landscape
WP4 focuses on the role of digital media in establishing, enhancing or diminishing the levels of trust in experts and the role it has with policy decisions.
WP5: Social Indicators of Trust
WP5 investigates the role of social indicators of experts’ trustworthiness.
WP6: Psychology of Trust
WP6 focuses on the psychological mechanisms of trust and trustworthiness, particularly in the context of trust in scientific expertise.
WP7: Ethics of Trust
WP7 will investigate the ethical requirements of trustworthy expertise as well as the role of ethical considerations in placing trust in policies based on expert advice.
WP8: Data Collection and Analysis of Existing Data
WP9: Experimental Measures of Trust/Distrust
WP9 investigates methodological challenges in studying trusting behaviour and the social factors underlying them. It uses lab based behavioural studies to investigate the determinants of judgements of trust and trustworthiness by members of the public and to test the findings of phase 1.
WP10: Behavioural Tools for Building Trust
WP10 investigates the emotional and cognitive components of trusting behaviour. As in WP 9, it uses lab based behavioural studies to investigate the determinants of judgements of trust and trustworthiness by members of the public and to test the findings of phase 1.
WP11: Citizens’ Fora
WP 11 runs Citizen’s Fora to create opportunities for encounters between representative groups from the general public and experts, policy-makers and journalists specialising in the area of climate change.
Project Outputs
Team Research Output: https://peritia-trust.eu/peritiaresearch/
Team Publications: https://peritia-trust.eu/team-publications/
Media Coverage: https://peritia-trust.eu/media-coverage/
Multimedia: https://peritia-trust.eu/multimedia/
First Newsletter
https://mailchi.mp/718476539138/peritia-newsletter?e=fb9206fbee
Related Projects
https://peritia-trust.eu/related-projects/
2. EnTrust : Enlightened trust: An examination of trust and distrust in governance – conditions, effects and remedies.
Project Website: https://entrust-project.eu/Project Description in CORDIS: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/870572
Start Date: February 1, 2020
End Date: January 31, 2024
Coordinator:
Prof. Dr. Christian Lahusen,
Department of Social Sciences
University of Siegen, Germany
Email: lahusen@soziologie.uni-siegen.de
Advisory Board: https://entrust-project.eu/people/advisory-board/
Project Contact Email: entrust@uni-siegen.de
Project Twitter Handle: @EnTrust_Project
Project Presentation:
https://entrust-project.eu/files/2020/06/EnTrust-project-presentation-15-June-2020.pdf
About
EnTrust consists of an interdisciplinary and well-integrated consortium of seven research teams from the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland and Serbia with expertise in sociology, psychology, political science, media and communication studies, as well as a civil society practitioner active at the EU level. Our work plan will generate novel theoretical and empirical insights on the basis of interlocked methods, including in-depth interviews and focus groups with citizens and governance actors, analyses of online and social media content, as well as a representative population survey and various experiments. Moreover, it will make use of innovative instruments to secure a high level of dissemination, exploitation and communication. Our goal is to provide tangible and viable recommendations for policymakers, civil society actors and the scientific community to improve trust relations.
Objectives
In EnTrust, we will provide novel insights into trust in governance and measures to support sustainable and democratic societies in Europe. Our project has five overarching objectives:
Develop a multidisciplinary theoretical framework to understand the dynamic relationship between trust and distrust, in order to promote new forms of enlightened trust in democratic governance;
Provide a comprehensive empirical dataset based on mixed methods and geared to measure how trust and distrust are constructed at individual, meso, and macro levels in relation to governance actors across local, national and European levels;
Systematically compare and map trust and distrust across European countries to understand context-specific forms of trust and distrust, their conditions and consequences;
Develop role models and best practices enabling to promote enlightened trust; and
Engage in active exploitation, dissemination and communication activities to reach the highest possible impact of our findings.
Work Packages
EnTrust comprises seven research-related work packages.
1. The Theoretical and Normative Underpinnings of Trust and Distrust
Project Presentation:
https://entrust-project.eu/files/2020/06/EnTrust-project-presentation-15-June-2020.pdf
About
EnTrust consists of an interdisciplinary and well-integrated consortium of seven research teams from the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland and Serbia with expertise in sociology, psychology, political science, media and communication studies, as well as a civil society practitioner active at the EU level. Our work plan will generate novel theoretical and empirical insights on the basis of interlocked methods, including in-depth interviews and focus groups with citizens and governance actors, analyses of online and social media content, as well as a representative population survey and various experiments. Moreover, it will make use of innovative instruments to secure a high level of dissemination, exploitation and communication. Our goal is to provide tangible and viable recommendations for policymakers, civil society actors and the scientific community to improve trust relations.
Objectives
In EnTrust, we will provide novel insights into trust in governance and measures to support sustainable and democratic societies in Europe. Our project has five overarching objectives:
Develop a multidisciplinary theoretical framework to understand the dynamic relationship between trust and distrust, in order to promote new forms of enlightened trust in democratic governance;
Provide a comprehensive empirical dataset based on mixed methods and geared to measure how trust and distrust are constructed at individual, meso, and macro levels in relation to governance actors across local, national and European levels;
Systematically compare and map trust and distrust across European countries to understand context-specific forms of trust and distrust, their conditions and consequences;
Develop role models and best practices enabling to promote enlightened trust; and
Engage in active exploitation, dissemination and communication activities to reach the highest possible impact of our findings.
Work Packages
EnTrust comprises seven research-related work packages.
1. The Theoretical and Normative Underpinnings of Trust and Distrust
Work Package 1 assembles and integrates available knowledge about trust and distrust in governance and provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary account of forms, determinants and consequences of trust and distrust. As on ongoing process, it develops, deepens and enriches a conceptual-theoretical model that both informs and reflects the investigations of the other work packages.
2. Trust and Distrust at the Street-level of Public Policy
Work Package 2 analyses the mechanisms of building trust and distrust in relations between citizens and street-level bureaucracy in the sphere of support to disadvantaged families. It investigates how both public administration representatives and citizens who contact them when applying for family benefits or services establish their mutual attitudes of trust and distrust, and the reciprocal perceptions of un/trustworthiness.
3. The Role of Democratic Social Movements in the Formation of Trust and Distrust
Work Package 3 focuses on grassroots social movements as alternative arenas of political participation in creating and reproducing trust and distrust. It seeks to gather information on the interaction and possible interplay between citizens’ withdrawal from institutional political arenas and the rise of contemporary contentious politics manifested as the increased participation of citizens in new social movement practices. More specifically, this work package is geared to finding out whether and to what extent new social grassroots movements are capable of mobilising citizens’ distrust in institutions, of making productive use of it, and eventually of transforming it into new practices of ‘enlightened trust’ building.
4. The Role of the Media in Trust and Distrust Building: Information or Polarisation?
Work Package 4 aims to deepen and expand our understanding of the impact of digital media technologies, as well as the changing role of journalism on trust mediation between political and economic governance, scientific expertise, and citizens. It elucidates the conditions under which media coverage of governance performance and scientific facts can lead to either informed opinion-making and criticism or the polarisation of political opinions, the mobilisation of extreme positions and the spread of fake news that targets the trustworthiness of scientists, government and political representatives.
5. Developmental-psychological Insight Into Trust and Distrust
5. Developmental-psychological Insight Into Trust and Distrust
Work Package 5 studies psychological correlates and patterns of trust in governance, including their developmental changes from childhood to adulthood. It develops an analytical model on how individuals at various life stages construct their conceptualisations of trust and distrust, identifies the role played by specific everyday experiences in proximal contexts for building expectations of trust or distrust in more distal political institutions and public authorities, and provides new insights into the aspects of governance that increase and decrease its perceived legitimacy from the perspective of different age groups.
6. Appraising Citizens’ Trust and Distrust in Governance: Forms, Determinants, Effects and Remedies
Work Package 6 develops a comprehensive and new measurement of trust and distrust in governance by means of a multi-methods approach. The first step generates survey data that deliver an accurate and representative picture of forms and levels of trust and distrust within the population of European countries, with an emphasis on the relationships between political trust and forms of radicalisation and extremism. This allows us to empirically assess the importance of determinants and consequences of trust and distrust at the individual and contextual levels. Based on these insights, Work Package 6 tests the effects of policy deliberation on trust and distrust in governance via online deliberative experiments involving citizens and political representatives, and draws conclusions about the potential contribution of policy deliberations for restoring trust in governance and promoting ‘enlightened trust’.
7. Civilising Trust and Distrust: Role Models and Recommendations
Work Package 7 is concerned with the practical implications of the project’s findings about the relationships between civil society organisations and social movements with public authorities, and the dynamic relationship of trust and distrust in which they are engaged. Moreover, it generates additional insights into trust and distrust relations at the EU-level through its monitoring of policy documents and existing practices of European governance, its engagement in deliberations with civil society organisations, its identification of best practices, and its development of policy and practical recommendations.
First Deliverable
Report: First Manuscript on Trust and Mistrust in Governance
Project Website: https://www.tigre-project.eu/
Project Description in CORDIS: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/870722
Project in brief: https://www.sv.uio.no/arena/english/research/projects/tigre/
Project Infosheet:
https://www.tigre-project.eu/resources/infosheets/TiGRE_Infosheet_1.0.pdf
Start Date: January 1, 2020
End Date: June 30, 2023
Project Coordinator
Martino Maggetti, Université de Lausanne
Email: Martino.Maggetti@unil.ch
Deputy Coordinator
Edoardo Guaschino, Université de Lausanne
Email: Edoardo.Guaschino@unil.ch
Consortium: https://www.tigre-project.eu/consortium/
Project Contact Email: info@tigre-project.eu
About
In TiGRE, we believe that an optimal level of trust is a precondition and a consequence of well-functioning of regulatory regimes, which operate across different levels of governance for carrying out regulatory policies. In this context, we will investigate under which conditions regulatory regimes are trusted by analysing the interactions between the involved actors. We aim to draw a more encompassing picture of trust dynamics and understand their drivers as well as their political and socio-economic effects.
TiGRE is a multidisciplinary research project which benefits from the expertise of nine top-level universities and research centres and one SME, from nine different countries, bringing together a broad range of theoretical and methodological skills.
Objectives
What are the drivers of trust relationships within regulatory regimes ?
In order to identify such drivers, we will explore under which conditions regulatory regimes are trusted by analysing variables related to countries, regimes, and individuals, as well as the impact of practices at the organisation level (transparency, accountability and participation).
What are the consequences of trust on the functioning of regulatory regimes ?
6. Appraising Citizens’ Trust and Distrust in Governance: Forms, Determinants, Effects and Remedies
Work Package 6 develops a comprehensive and new measurement of trust and distrust in governance by means of a multi-methods approach. The first step generates survey data that deliver an accurate and representative picture of forms and levels of trust and distrust within the population of European countries, with an emphasis on the relationships between political trust and forms of radicalisation and extremism. This allows us to empirically assess the importance of determinants and consequences of trust and distrust at the individual and contextual levels. Based on these insights, Work Package 6 tests the effects of policy deliberation on trust and distrust in governance via online deliberative experiments involving citizens and political representatives, and draws conclusions about the potential contribution of policy deliberations for restoring trust in governance and promoting ‘enlightened trust’.
7. Civilising Trust and Distrust: Role Models and Recommendations
Work Package 7 is concerned with the practical implications of the project’s findings about the relationships between civil society organisations and social movements with public authorities, and the dynamic relationship of trust and distrust in which they are engaged. Moreover, it generates additional insights into trust and distrust relations at the EU-level through its monitoring of policy documents and existing practices of European governance, its engagement in deliberations with civil society organisations, its identification of best practices, and its development of policy and practical recommendations.
First Deliverable
Report: First Manuscript on Trust and Mistrust in Governance
3. TiGRE : Trust in Governance and Regulation in Europe.
Project Description in CORDIS: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/870722
Project in brief: https://www.sv.uio.no/arena/english/research/projects/tigre/
Project Infosheet:
https://www.tigre-project.eu/resources/infosheets/TiGRE_Infosheet_1.0.pdf
Start Date: January 1, 2020
End Date: June 30, 2023
Project Coordinator
Martino Maggetti, Université de Lausanne
Email: Martino.Maggetti@unil.ch
Deputy Coordinator
Edoardo Guaschino, Université de Lausanne
Email: Edoardo.Guaschino@unil.ch
Consortium: https://www.tigre-project.eu/consortium/
Project Contact Email: info@tigre-project.eu
About
In TiGRE, we believe that an optimal level of trust is a precondition and a consequence of well-functioning of regulatory regimes, which operate across different levels of governance for carrying out regulatory policies. In this context, we will investigate under which conditions regulatory regimes are trusted by analysing the interactions between the involved actors. We aim to draw a more encompassing picture of trust dynamics and understand their drivers as well as their political and socio-economic effects.
TiGRE is a multidisciplinary research project which benefits from the expertise of nine top-level universities and research centres and one SME, from nine different countries, bringing together a broad range of theoretical and methodological skills.
Objectives
What are the drivers of trust relationships within regulatory regimes ?
In order to identify such drivers, we will explore under which conditions regulatory regimes are trusted by analysing variables related to countries, regimes, and individuals, as well as the impact of practices at the organisation level (transparency, accountability and participation).
What are the consequences of trust on the functioning of regulatory regimes ?
We will explore the relation between trust dynamics and the extent of cooperation between stakeholders at different levels. In addition, we will analyse the effects of these processes on the functioning and evolution of regulatory governance in terms of regulatory consent, compliance and legitimacy.
What about citizens’ trust in regulatory regimes ?
What about citizens’ trust in regulatory regimes ?
We aim to deeply understand how citizens have trust in regulatory agencies, companies and service providers within specific regulatory regimes. To identify the drivers of such perceptions, we will investigate the effect of regulatory practices (regulatory instruments, enforcement styles such as degree of coerciveness) as well as variables related to countries, sectors, and individuals.
What is the role of the media ?
We will analyse how the media influence trust dynamics within regulatory regimes. We will also explore the impact of the different communication strategies used by regulatory agencies during and after incidents of regulatory breakdowns to face intense criticism and repair trust.
In TiGRE, we have the ambition to explore trust relationships at different levels of governance such as regional, national and European and in three high value sectors: Food Safety, Finance and Communication & Data protection.
To achieve our goals, we will use a variety of methods, such as questionnaires for large-scale surveys, case studies, focus groups, experimental studies and media content analysis among others. We will target and be in regular contact with European stakeholders, representing a broad range of regulatory actors.
First Deliverable
Research note "Trust in COVID-19 government policies":
https://www.uantwerpen.be/images/uantwerpen/container57464/files/Corona-English.pdf
We will analyse how the media influence trust dynamics within regulatory regimes. We will also explore the impact of the different communication strategies used by regulatory agencies during and after incidents of regulatory breakdowns to face intense criticism and repair trust.
In TiGRE, we have the ambition to explore trust relationships at different levels of governance such as regional, national and European and in three high value sectors: Food Safety, Finance and Communication & Data protection.
To achieve our goals, we will use a variety of methods, such as questionnaires for large-scale surveys, case studies, focus groups, experimental studies and media content analysis among others. We will target and be in regular contact with European stakeholders, representing a broad range of regulatory actors.
First Deliverable
Research note "Trust in COVID-19 government policies":
https://www.uantwerpen.be/images/uantwerpen/container57464/files/Corona-English.pdf
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