From the BBC.
"Smokers in the poorest areas of Dundee are being offered £150 worth of groceries by the health service if they are able to give up cigarettes."
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/tayside_and_central/7465908.stm
Hopefully, there is a good research design accompanying this because it is a very interesting experiment. one test would be whether the participants substitute to other risk behaviours that would not be picked up in a carbon monoxide test e.g. would they just start drinking lots more to compensate. One version of the depletable willpower resource model would suggest that the participants will be more susceptible to being lured in to other temptations as they battle to stay off the cigarettes. Of course, there is also a large body of work to suggest that smoking is complementary with other risk behaviours so its possible that going off the cigarettes would reduce other risk behaviours.
From a brief review, there seem to be many papers supporting the effectiveness of financial incentives on smoking cessation certainly in the short run but less evidence for the long-run effects (good Cochrane review below).
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/15/1/12
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15846705
A recent JAMA paper by Loewenstein and colleagues talks about some of the issues involved in using economics concepts to modify health behaviours
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/298/20/2415
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