Saturday, November 22, 2025

Books from LSE PBS Colleagues

A snapshot from earlier in the year of books published by colleagues in the Department of Psychological and Behavioural Science. There has been a psychology department since 1964 and it merged with the behavioural science group in 2016 to form the current department. I have been working a bit on what came before the 1964 Department in terms of pre-cursors and I hope to give a couple of lectures on this in 2026. 



Forgoodframework

In the mid to late 2000s I was teaching economics & psychology students about behavioural economics & a particular emerging interdisciplinary strand that was going to be applied increasingly to public policy & regulation. This led to regular & interesting discussions about issues like autonomy, potential manipulation & the institutional environment. A lot of the literature emerging after the landmark publication of Nudge by Thaler and Sunstein was either focused a lot on effectiveness or on the other hand quite high level and abstract in terms of philosophical stances. We began to keep a reading list to keep track of papers across disciplines that could be useful in helping develop pragmatic ethical positions. It is a little out of date now as it is hard to keep up but still contains dozens of interesting papers on ethics of nudging and related areas,  As you might imagine, students started to wonder whether this could be parsed in some way and Leonhard Lades and I developed the FORGOOD framework as an attempt to provide a solid anchor to discuss key ethical issues in applied behavioural science projects. I have used versions of this every year in classes across Dublin, Stirling, and LSE and in many policy and executive talks. They create some of the most interesting and engaging small group seminars with many discussions and arguments about applications across a range of areas. Increasingly, I use it to help students clarify their own ethical stances and how that might shape their career aspirations, and it has been integrated into teaching across undergraduate, postgraduate, and executive courses. We also use it as a pre-mortem tool in a variety of settings and along with Bishin Ho and Annabel Gillard have developed an initiative around it to developing a range of tools for the ethical use of behavioural science in finance, tech, and related settings. The framework has been widely used in other settings including as one of the main references for the recent and very useful OECD document on how to integrate ethics in behavioural science projects. Aside from the framework, the emerging literature on ethical aspects of behavioural science is in my view incredibly interesting, and creating many new possibilities for how we develop and evaluate behaviorally-informed projects at different levels of scale. It has been great again to work with students across different classes this year and I am looking forward to working on future developments on it that we are currently writing and using in seminars.



Monday, November 03, 2025

Some great people to read

On his Substack (and before anyone starts, I am not getting a Substack, I’m quite happy here on Blogger with my two confirmed readers), Cass Sunstein lists scholars who have influenced him the most, restricting his list to people he knew. Posner, Rawls, Elster, Ullmann-Margalit, Thaler, and Kahneman is quite a list. I have met two of these brilliant scholars (Kahneman and Thaler) but I will give a list of people below that are awe-inspiring even if I haven't met them. I spent a lot of my formative years reading Freud, Hume, Keynes, Schumpeter, Mill, Rawls and a lot of moral philosophers. I have spoke before about how reading Kahneman and Tversky's work gave me some focus and I have largely worked within that broad tradition since. Cass himself is someone I have interacted with a lot and the most influential scholar for me in terms of thinking through connections between psychology, behavioural economics, regulation, and policy. I am assuming most people who read here will know where to find work by him and by Richard Thaler and Daniel Kahneman.

Elster's works been a constant companion over the years. Ulysses and the Sirens and Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences are both marvellous and bring together many concepts in behavioural science with political and institutional thinking.

Parfit's Reasons and Persons is another one that I hope any philosophically-minded behavioural student gets a chance to read at some point. You can search "Parfit" in the blog search bar to find many posts her on the great moral philosopher, including a post here on an ongoing project on his past valuation arguments.

Nancy Folbre's work on economics and the family has constantly recurred when I am talking with students about issues such as gender, care, and the general sense that traditional economic accounts overlook the role of these factors in societal allocation. If you want to connect feminist economics with critical discussion of traditional utility theory, among many other things, her work is outstanding, clear, and very pragmatic in its orientation.

Nancy Cartwright is another person who I regularly return to and who constantly provides stimulating ideas on method and on causality in particular. Among many well-known works, her highly-cited book "Hunting Causes and Using Them: Approaches in Philosophy and Economics" is a fascinating discussion of the many different ideas of causality that are at play when we talk about relationships between social and economic quantities. More recently, many readers will recall her paper on understanding and misunderstanding of randomised trials with Angus Deaton which has been widely cited in the discussions around the use of RCTs in evidence-based public policy (See reply from Guido Imbens for a sense of the parameters of the discussion). Cartwright is obviously working within technical literature but is far from an obscurantist and I believe any social science researcher would benefit from engaging with her work. A recent paper below "Rigour versus the need for evidential diversity" is particularly relevant to many current debates about how behavioural and social science is being embedded into public policy organisations. It gives always a strong sense of points made across her work on the limits of randomised trials, the nature of causality, and the tensions between the development of generalised theories and context-specific usable knowledge.

This is not an exhaustive list and you can look around the blog for many others.

Sunday, November 02, 2025

Early November 2025 Behavioural Science and Policy Links

Former Colombian president and Nobel peace prize winner Juan Manuel Santos spoke at LSE this week as part of the new Global School of Sustainability event series. It was an interesting and wide ranging discussion on the Colombian peace process and the future of armed conflicts and democracy. It is available here

Dilip Soman on why behavioural scientists should be more like cartographers

I enjoyed listening to Emma Pinchbeck, head of the UK Climate Change Committee on the rest is politics podcast. She is an effective communicator and spoke clearly about several issues facing UK energy policy in the next few years. Towards the end, she touches on the role behavioural science work plays in a world that is quite dominated by engineers and economists, and speaks favourably in particular about the role of citizen assemblies. I have been part of the Irish climate change advisory council for the last 18 months or, and it has been fascinating to work through the behavioural dimensions of a wide range of issues relating to climate adaptation and mitigation. 

Excellent blogpost by Leonhard Lades, Malte Dold, Kate Laffan, Paul Lohmann, Andriy Ivchenko, and Manu Savani summarising the recent International Behavioural Public Policy conference. 

Michael Inzlicht on whether a small amount of drinking is a good thing in academia. I am glad he wrote the article even at risk of annoying people. Whether you agree with him or not, people talk about this type of stuff offline and we should start to reclaim this type of discussion online as well. Floating this with various people, the reactions ranged from very high disagreement and a sense that moving far away from academic drinking cultures was a good thing to people who felt very strongly that he was voicing something important, and that we are losing a lot in the decline in social drinking in academia.I am anti-social bordering on hermetic at the moment due to the (hopefully temporary) mis-anthropism that comes with running a Department. I have also not drank alcohol for a few years largely due to a desire to reset default options that were prevalent in the environment when I was entering adulthood. But that wasn't always the case and I have had some fun beers with a variety of people from around the world over the years. So if I had a vote, it would be to keep it somewhere in the mix but not as the norm and not pushed too much. Walking tours I have always found to be a good way of bringing people together and if some of them want to find a pub after so be it.  

Some teaching prompts for ethical, institutional, historical, and interdisciplinary aspects of behavioural science

Some prompts from classes that I will never get bored of discussing with students. Our courses like most other involve a lot of theory and detailed methodological work. Setting these in historical, ethical, multi-disciplinary, & institutional context is hopefully stimulating. This term I am teaching PB300, Advances in Psychological and Behavioural Science to our undergraduates. This includes a policy simulation exercise that unfolds over the course of the year and PB405, the MSc Foundations in Behavioural Science module that also includes a set of extension lectures called "Behavioural Science and the Wider World" that includes guest lectures, debates, and conceptual discussions about institutional applications. 

i) An outline of the evolution of the relationships between economics and psychology over the centuries (full details, recorded lecture, and readings here



ii) The legendary Behavioural Change Wheel of Susan Michie and colleagues, something that allows for incredibly rich discussions of the nature and purpose of behavioural science

iii) The FORGOOD ethics framework that we have evolved from these classes as a now widely used professional reflection tool to prompt pragmatic discussion of the ethical dimensions of behavioural policy. Some readings and links to OECD checklists etc., linked here


iv) The well-known OECD behavioural science global map constructed by Faisal Naru and team. Has since been updated in an excellent paper in Behavioural Science & Policy but I have a soft spot for the first map. It is a very inspiring prompt to trigger discussion about going from theory & methods to institutional applications across the world. 

Saturday, November 01, 2025

Workshops and Engagements

I regularly deliver talks, workshops, and executive sessions for organizations and institutions interested in applying behavioral science to real-world challenges. My sessions draw on over two decades of work at the intersection of economics, psychology, and public policy, and have been delivered to audiences across finance, technology, health, government, and academia.

If you are interested in arranging a workshop, keynote, or advisory session, please get in touch via email or connect with me directly on LinkedIn.


FORGOOD Framework: Ethical Behavioural Science

Alongside my collaborators Bishin Ho and Annabel Gillard, I co-developed the FORGOOD Framework initiative — a practical tool for embedding ethics into behavioral science projects across sectors such as finance, technology, and public policy.

The framework builds on the original FORGOOD ethics framework, which I co-developed with Leonhard Lades. It is featured in OECD guidance on integrating ethics into applied behavioral science and has been used in executive education, policy design, and academic teaching.

Those specifically interested in exploring the ethical dimensions of behavioral science — including organizational governance, the ethics of influence, and responsible innovation — can find more information and opportunities to collaborate at forgoodframework.com.


Workshop: Behavioral Science for Better Decisions

I have delivered this workshop to a wide range of executive audiences across finance, pharma, technology, and government, helping leaders and teams apply insights from behavioral economics and psychology to improve decision-making in complex environments.

The session introduces key ideas from behavioral science and demonstrates how they can be used to refine strategy, communication, and policy design. Participants learn to recognize and manage judgment biases, understand practical frameworks such as MINDSPACE and EAST, and strengthen organizational decision-making processes.

Key topics include:

  • How people actually make decisions — and the implications for leaders and policymakers

  • Tools and frameworks for applying behavioral insights

  • Improving executive and team decision processes by reducing “noise”

  • Lessons from global applications, including OECD case studies

Participants receive curated resources from leading thinkers along with optional readings for further exploration.


Workshop: Behavioral Economics and the Future of Financial Services

I have delivered this workshop to executives and professionals across finance, regulation, and consumer policy, exploring how behavioral economics can help explain and improve decision-making in financial markets.

The session examines how consumers make choices about complex products such as mortgages, credit cards, and pensions — and why traditional economic assumptions often fail to capture real behavior. Using insights from psychology and experimental economics, participants learn to identify key biases that shape financial decisions and to consider how behavioral insights can inform product design, communication, and regulatory strategy.

Key topics include:

  • How people make financial decisions under uncertainty

  • Heuristics and biases: anchoring, availability, representativeness, framing, and intertemporal choice

  • Behaviorally informed approaches to mortgage, credit, and savings markets

  • Lessons from regulatory and policy applications (including detailed case studies from across industry and regulation)

  • Implications for innovation and responsible consumer engagement

This workshop provides participants with a clear understanding of how behavioral economics is reshaping the landscape of modern financial services — from customer experience to compliance — and why it matters for the future of the sector.